The "cloud" of cloud computing stems from the habit of drawing Internet diagrams of the Internet - it will be drawn as a cloud. The most accepted interpretation of the implications of cloud computing is the remote operation of workloads over the Internet in a commercial provider's data center - the so-called "public cloud" model. Platforms such as AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud are examples of this concept of cloud computing. However, there is a more precise explanation for cloud computing: the virtualization and central management of data center resources. Its key advantage is agility: it uses abstract computing, storage, and networking resources based on the needs of the workload, and has a large number of pre-built services. From the customer's point of view, the public cloud can provide a way to obtain new features without investing in new hardware and software. At the same time, customers simply pay for their cloud providers according to the resources they use. Just fill in the web form, users can set up accounts, accelerate virtual machines or provide new applications. This feature is called scalability based on adding more computing resources to the customer's needs when running their own workloads. There are many kinds of services available in cloud computing, but they can be mainly divided into the following categories: SaaS (software as a service, software as a service) This type of public cloud delivers the application through the browser on the Internet. The most popular business-level SaaS applications are Google’s G Suite and Microsoft’s Office 365. In enterprise-level applications, Salesforce has the top spot. However, almost all enterprise-level applications, including Oracle's ERP suite from SAP to SAP, use the SaaS model. Typically, SaaS applications provide a wide range of configuration options and development environments that enable customers to modify and add code themselves. IaaS(infrastructure as a service, Infrastructure as a Service) At the basic level, IaaS public cloud providers provide storage and computing services. But the services provided by all major public cloud providers are phenomenal: high scalable databases, virtual private networks, big data analytics, development tools, machine learning, application monitoring, and more. AWS is the first IaaS provider and is still the leader, followed by Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and IBM Cloud. PaaS(platform as a service, Platform as a Service) PaaS provides services and workflows specifically targeted at developers who can use shared tools, processes, and APIs to accelerate the development, testing, and deployment of applications. Saleforce's Heroku and Force of Salesforce. Com is a very popular public cloud PaaS product; Pivotal's Cloud Foundry and Red Hat's OpenShift can be deployed locally or accessed through some of the major public clouds. For businesses, PaaS can ensure that developers have access to resources that are already in place, follow certain processes and use only a specific set of services, and operators maintain the underlying infrastructure. It is worth mentioning that the various PaaS used exclusively for mobile developers are generally referred to as MBaaS (Mobile Backend as a Service), or just as BaaS (Backend as a Service). FaaS(functions as a service, function as a service) FaaS, cloud-instantiated serverless computing, adds another abstraction layer to PaaS so that developers can completely isolate everything in the stack that has lower priority than their code. Rather than fetching virtual servers, containers, and application runtimes, they upload feature code blocks that are triggered by an event (such as form submission or file upload). All major clouds will offer FaaS on top of IaaS: AWS Lambda, Azure Functions, Google Cloud Functions, and IBM OpenWhisk. A special benefit of the FaaS application is that IaaS resources are not used until the event occurs, and costs can be reduced by reducing resource usage. Private Cloud The private cloud can be said to be a small-sized IaaS public cloud, allowing the software to be deployed and run in the customer's data center. Like public clouds, internal customers can provide their own virtual resources to build, test, and run applications and charge for metering resource consumption. For administrators, the private cloud data center is best automated, and the worst case scenario is manual configuration and management. VMware's software-defined data center stack is the most popular commercial private cloud software, although OpenStack is the leader in open source. Hybrid Cloud Hybrid cloud is the integration of private and public clouds. Hybrid cloud involves creating a parallel environment where applications can move easily between private and public clouds. In other cases, the database may be integrated with public cloud applications in the customer data center—at the peak of demand, the workload of the virtualized data center may be replicated to the cloud. The types of integration between private and public clouds vary greatly, but they must each adapt to each other to become a hybrid cloud model. Public API (API, Application Programming Interface) Just as SaaS delivers applications for users on the Internet, a common API provides developers with application functionality that can be accessed programmatically. For example, when building a web application, developers often use the Google Maps API to provide driving directions; for integration into social media, developers may call for the API to be maintained via Twitter or Facebook. Twilio has established a successful business dedicated to providing telephone and messaging services through public APIs. Ultimately, any business can provide its own public APIs for customer access to consumer data and application functionality. iPaaS(integration platform as a service, Integrated Platform as a Service) Data integration is a key issue for any company with a certain size, especially for companies that adopt SaaS on a large scale. iPaaS vendors typically provide pre-built connectors for sharing data between popular SaaS applications and local enterprise applications, although vendors may be more or less focused on B2B e-commerce integration, cloud integration, or SOA-style integrated. IDaaS (identity as a service, identity as a service) On private data centers and public cloud websites, the biggest security issue related to cloud computing is managing user identities and their related rights and permissions. IDaaS vendors maintain cloud-based user profiles, authenticate users, and base access to resources or applications based on security policies, user groups, and individual privileges. Can integrate various directory services (Active directory LDAP, etc.), and this is crucial. Collaboration platforms Collaborative solutions such as Slack, Microsoft Teams, and HipChat have become important information communication platforms that enable effective communication and collaboration within the organization. Basically, these solutions are relatively simple SaaS applications that support chat messaging and file sharing and audio and video communication. Most provide APIs to facilitate integration with other systems, enabling third-party developers to create and share plugins and enhance functionality. Vertical clouds PaaS Cloud is provided in the financial, medical, retail, life sciences, and manufacturing industries to enable customers to build vertical applications that are close to industry-specific, API-accessible services. Vertical clouds can reduce the time it takes for vertical applications to reach the market and accelerate B2B integration in specific areas. Most of the vertical clouds are built with the purpose of fostering ecosystem partners. Cloud computing appeal and objections The main attraction of cloud computing is to reduce the market launch and the scale of application dynamics. However, more and more developers are introducing a lot of advanced services into the cloud and can be incorporated into applications, from machine learning to the Internet of Things. Although sometimes enterprise legacy applications migrate to the cloud to reduce data center resource requirements, the real benefit lies in using cloud services and "cloud native" attributes to add new applications. The latter includes a microservice architecture, Linux container, which enhances the portability of applications, container management solutions such as Kubernetes container-based service orchestration. Native cloud methods and solutions can be part of a public cloud or private cloud to help efficiently use Devops-style workflows. The objections to public clouds generally stem from security issues, although major public cloud providers have proven that their data centers are less vulnerable to attack than the average enterprise. The bigger issue is the integration of security policies and identity management between customers and public cloud providers. At the same time, government regulation may prohibit customers from leaving sensitive data. Other issues include the risk of service disruption and long-term operating costs. However, both public and private clouds have become the platform of choice for large-scale applications, especially for customers who need to change their scale dynamically and often. More importantly, the current public cloud providers have always been at the forefront of technological development. After companies choose the cloud, they will be constantly invited to use some exciting new technologies. 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