PLC control stepper motor to drive CNC slide table - Database & Sql Blog Articles

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In the automatic line of the combined machine tool, the setting of the slide table is different due to the difference in machining accuracy. Generally, three types of slide tables are set:
1. The hydraulic sliding table is used in the roughing process with large cutting amount and low processing precision;
2, mechanical sliding table, used in the semi-finishing process with medium cutting amount and certain processing precision requirements;
3. CNC sliding table is used in the finishing process with small cutting amount and high processing precision.
The plc controller has a series of advantages such as high versatility, high reliability, simple command system, easy programming, easy to master, small size, less maintenance work, and convenient installation of the field interface. Therefore, it is widely used in industrial automatic control. The stepping motor open-loop servo mechanism controlled by the same applies to the numerical control sliding table control of the automatic production line of the combined machine tool, and the numerical control system of the unit can be omitted to reduce the control system cost of the unit by 70-90%, or even occupy the automatic line control. The unit PLC's 3~5 I/O interfaces and <1KB of memory can make the cost of the control system more significant in large automatic lines.
PLC controls the stepper motor driven CNC slide table The CNC slide table in the automatic combination machine tool line adopts the stepper motor driven open loop servo mechanism. The CNC sliding table controlled by PLC is composed of programmable controller, loop pulse distributor, stepping motor driver, stepping motor and servo transmission mechanism, as shown in the figure.
Method for controlling numerical control sliding table by PLC
Method for controlling numerical control sliding table by PLC
1. Stroke control: The stroke of the CNC slide is realized by digital control. Since the stroke of the slide is proportional to the total rotation angle of the stepper motor, it is only necessary to control the total rotation angle of the stepper motor, and the total rotation angle of the stepper motor is proportional. The number of control pulses input; therefore, the number of pulses output by the PLC can be determined according to the displacement of the servo:
n= DL/d (1)
DL - the displacement of the servo (mm), d - the pulse equivalent of the servo (mm / pulse)
2. Feed speed control: The feed speed of the servo mechanism depends on the speed of the stepper motor, and the speed of the stepper motor depends on the input pulse frequency; therefore, the PLC output can be determined according to the feed speed required by the process. Pulse frequency:
f=Vf/60d (Hz) (2)
Where Vf - servo feed rate (mm / min)
3. Feed direction control The feed direction control is the steering control of the stepper motor. The steering of the stepping motor can change its forward and reverse direction by changing the energization sequence of each winding of the stepping motor, or can be realized by changing the output sequence of the hardware loop distributor by the direction control signal output by the PLC.

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