Apple released a new patent "Optical System for Headset Display"

In a patent application filed today by the United States patent office, Apple described a compact, comfortable VR helmet.

Apple releases new patent "Optical system for head-mounted display"

Apple's patent is called "OpTIcal System for head-up Display", which is called "head-mounted display" by Apple. The patent is designed to create a A more compact virtual reality headset, especially by redesigning the optical system.

"If you don't accept improvements, head-mounted displays can be cumbersome and tiring. Optical systems for head-mounted displays can use bulky lens arrangements. Head-mounted displays that use such optical systems can be uncomfortable. Therefore, we hope to provide an improved head-mounted display."

Through the detailed description of the patent, we can clearly see that the "refractive" optical system is the basis of this design, which uses reflective and refractive elements, including different polarizing elements, to manipulate light over the optical path.

Apple releases new patent "Optical system for head-mounted display"

A simple example of a catadioptric optical system

Reflective optics, commonly used in high power optical systems such as telescopes and microscopes, "fold" the light path to create a more compact layout. Light is not simply bent through a typical lens, but in a catadioptric optic, light travels back and forth along its optical path multiple times and then exits from the other side.

Apple releases new patent "Optical system for head-mounted display"

Apple's catadioptric optical system

Microdisplays, although small in size, have high pixel density, but because of their compact size, they require a lens with a high magnification, so it is ideal for VR. High-magnification lenses usually need to be very thick, or can be shrunk to the Fresnel design (which is common today in consumer VR headsets), but the Fresnel method introduces a series of challenges. Apple seems to be investigating the use of catadioptric optics as a means of creating a compact, high-magnification optical lens specifically designed for use with microdisplays. Although the microdisplays mentioned in the patents are expected to be as broad as possible in law, other types of displays are also mentioned.

The patent further describes a series of polarizing elements that are used to reflect some of the light back onto the display and be absorbed by the polarizer. The document explains that this is to maintain contrast and avoid (unwanted/unaligned) light that is visible to the wearer.

Apple releases new patent "Optical system for head-mounted display"

While this patent focuses primarily on the optical design and placement of optical components, the important sections describe different methods of making the design, which is said to increase the durability and clarity of the system.

In other details, the patent also relates to the possibility of such a headset, which includes a set of sensors for various tracking tasks, and in particular, can use a camera to measure the environment (such as internal tracking) and perceive the user's Eye position. The latter may be used for eye tracking applications such as foveated rendering.

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