Application of Ultrasonic Distance Measuring Sensor on Mining Locomotive

Under the tide of the global new technology revolution, China has identified seven strategic emerging industries of energy conservation and environmental protection, new energy, new generation information technology, biology, high-end equipment manufacturing, new materials and new energy vehicles. At the same time, because the Internet of Things belongs to the technical extension and application of the Internet, and the continuous innovation of productivity and production materials, coal mine mechanical and electrical equipment has also been rapidly promoted and developed. In coal mine production, electromechanical equipment is occupying an increasingly important position, traversing every link on the production line. A large number of coal mining equipment has been introduced into coal mines, and the mining volume of coal mines has also increased. However, the increase in mining volume has brought a new problem-how to transport the mined coal safely and quickly. In response to this problem, China's coal mines have adopted increasing locomotive transportation vehicles, increasing the speed of electric locomotives and locomotive 24 hour operations. In this way, the driver is prone to fatigue driving and inattention, which brings a series of hidden safety problems. Therefore, designing a locomotive anti-collision alarm system is very important for coal mine safety. The key technology of this system is distance measurement-measuring the distance from the obstacle in front to the locomotive. Today's ultrasonic sensors have been tested by many industrial tasks and are ideal solutions for distance measurement and object detection. Ultrasonic ranging as a typical non-contact measurement method has been widely used in many occasions, such as industrial automatic control, construction engineering measurement and robot visual recognition. Compared with several other ranging methods, it is not affected by factors such as light intensity, smoke, electromagnetic interference, etc., and has been widely used in reversing radar, building construction sites and some industrial sites. In recent years, it has become another important research direction of ultrasonic ranging technology to make the ultrasonic ranging system improve the effective working distance, and increase the measurement accuracy and anti-interference ability accordingly.

Ultrasonic ranging sensor ranging principle


The ultrasonic rangefinder is composed of three parts: an ultrasonic transmitter, a receiver and a signal processing device. Ultrasound, as a special sound wave, also has the basic physical characteristics of sound wave transmission. Ultrasonic ranging uses its reflection characteristics to work. The ultrasonic transmitter continuously sends out a series of continuous pulses (such as an ultrasonic wave of 30 kHz) and provides a short pulse to the measurement logic circuit. The ultrasonic receiver also provides a short pulse to the measurement logic circuit after receiving the reflected wave reflected by the transmitted ultrasonic wave meeting the obstacle, and then uses the bistable circuit to convert the two short pulses into a square wave pulse. The width of the square wave pulse is the time interval between two short pulses. Measuring the width of this square wave pulse can determine the distance between the transmitter and the detected object. At the same time, the width of the output pulse is measured, that is, the time interval between transmitting the ultrasonic wave and receiving the ultrasonic wave, so that the distance between the locomotive and the obstacle can be obtained Ultrasonic speed of sound (ie sound speed); [t] is time.


Although ultrasonic ranging sensors have many advantages, the distance of ultrasonic ranging depends on the transmission power and receiving sensitivity. The greater the transmission power, the stronger the returned energy and the longer the detection distance, but at the same time the side effects The longer the residual wave time, the shorter the distance cannot be measured; the weaker the echo signal returned when measuring the longer distance obstacle, must be processed by the amplifier circuit. The larger the magnification, the higher the sensitivity and the farther the measurement distance, but at the same time, the interference signal is also amplified, resulting in an error in the measured distance. Therefore, a reasonable control of the transmission power and reception sensitivity will make the measurement distance and stability reach a better state.

Combined with the complex environment of the coal mine, in order to meet the purpose of ultrasonic long-distance ranging, Gongmo recommends the MaxBotix high-performance sonar rangefinder ultrasonic sensor-MB7040, which belongs to the industrial outdoor I2CXL-MaxSonar-WR sensor and has a sturdy PVC shell , Provide IP67 protection. These sensors provide short to long range detection and narrow beam angles. On the other hand, I2CXL-MaxSonar-WR outdoor ultrasonic sensor has high power output, noise suppression, and automatic calibration. In addition to the standard I2CXL-MaxSonar-WR, F options have been developed that require additional protection in some hazardous chemical environments. Very corrosive gas or liquid will reduce or damage the operation of the sensing device. Therefore, we provide a chemically inert seal that allows our sensors to operate in all chemical environments. In addition to chemical resistance, the performance of the sensor has also improved in wet or dusty environments.


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