One of the challenges on the road to industrialization is cost. At present, the international plan to install the original wireless charging equipment in the 2018 new car is only the middle and high-end models, such as: Mercedes-Benz S550e, BMW 530e, Audi A8e-tron. As more mid-range and compact models join the wireless charging function, the cost of challenging wireless charging will be resolved as production increases. It is estimated that before 2020, the price of mainstream 7 kW wireless charging equipment will be around 10,000 yuan. After that, due to the increase in production capacity, the power electronics segment, which accounts for the main cost of equipment, is expected to decline by more than 50% annually, similar to DC charging modules or photovoltaics in the past few years. The average annual price drop of the inverter. Standardization, lightweight, and high efficiency are also several challenges that electric vehicle wireless charging technology needs to face. To this end, Audi has demonstrated an AWC wireless charging system with a liftable transmitter that can use standardized wireless charging transmitters for vehicles of different chassis heights. The high-seat SUV uses the same receiving end as the car to increase wireless charging efficiency. %, is very close to the current car Charger efficiency. In the commercial vehicle field, the wireless charging system for pure electric buses is used. In 2015, ZTE New Energy applied the 30kW wireless charging technology to the urban micro-circulation bus line, adopting the operation mode of night charging and daytime power-up. Representative of foreign countries is Bombardier's Primove 200 kW wireless fast charging technology, which uses the parking time during vehicle operation to quickly recharge the vehicle, enabling the vehicle to operate 24 hours a day. Due to the entire underground installation, the service life of the equipment is greatly improved compared to the current charging piles, and the city's valuable land resources can be saved. Dynamic wireless power supply is still in the testing phase. Qualcomm recently demonstrated the contactless transmission of Renault electric vehicles during the movement in Versailles, France, with a power of 20 kW and an experimental road length of 100 meters. In terms of commercial vehicles, Bombardier Inc. in Mannheim, Germany, demonstrated the transmission of 200 kW of power in a 10-meter load-carrying truck in Germany, but the length of the experimental road was only 80 meters. Since dynamic power supply requires a large investment in infrastructure, the current rapid development of power battery technology and cost reduction have greatly reduced the need for dynamic charging. “Static wireless charging is equivalent to dynamic wireless charging with a speed equal to 0km/h.†The industry believes that if the characteristics of dynamic charging in the direction of travel efficiency are applied to static charging, the current wireless charging efficiency will be caused by the parking error. The reduced problem is solved fundamentally. The Primove wireless charging bus currently operating in Mannheim uses a dynamic electromagnetic field interface design. The vehicle does not need to be accurately aligned in the direction of travel. The passengers use the 200 kW non-contact quick recharge in about 20 seconds. It is understood that the technology has accumulated commercial operations of 600,000 kilometers, which has been well received by operators. Compared with conductive charging, electric vehicle wireless charging standards are in the formulation stage, and interoperability needs to be considered more, including electromagnetic interfaces, communication protocols, and positioning technologies. China's electric vehicle wireless charging standard refers to the division of labor between IEC and ISO, among which "General Requirements for Electric Vehicle Wireless Charging System" is under the responsibility of the National Automobile Standardization Technical Committee, "Special Requirements for Electric Vehicle Wireless Charging System", "Electric Vehicle Wireless Charging Electromagnetic Exposure Limit" The value and test method, the communication protocol between the electric vehicle on-board charger and the wireless charging device are under the responsibility of the National Electric Power Standardization Technical Committee. At present, it has entered the stage of public comment, and it is expected that the first round of standard setting work will be completed by the end of 2017. In 2014, Evatran Corporation industrialized the wireless charging equipment for electric vehicles for the first time in the world, providing wireless charging and post-installation kits for Nissan Lingfeng and Chevrolet Volt owners. However, due to the price of more than US$3,000, it was not widely promoted. Recently, many mainstream brands will be installed in the 2018 models, such as the Mercedes-Benz S550e and BMW 530e. The wireless charging equipment will be installed in the original factory. It is expected that the future electric passenger vehicles will adopt the household wireless slow charging, combined with the high-power charging mode of public places. For commercial vehicles, wireless fast charging with a charging rate of more than 3C will be gradually applied to the fixed line bus field. 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Prospects and challenges of wireless charging technology for electric vehicles
With the continuous advancement of assisted driving and automatic parking technology, wireless charging of electric vehicles has attracted wide attention because of its ability to cooperate with unmanned driving and automatic charging. The industrialized electric vehicle wireless charging products involve many related technologies such as radio energy transmission, indoor precise positioning, wireless communication, and metal foreign object detection.