LED material LED is called Light Emitting Diode. Chinese is a light-emitting diode. It is a solid-state semiconductor device that can directly convert electrical energy into visible light. Compared with traditional light sources, LED has three main advantages: 1) power consumption savings of more than 80%; 2) longer lifespan of more than 10 times; 3) more stable lighting. (1) About 70% of the LED industry's profits are concentrated in upstream material preparation and midstream chip production According to the production process, the LED industry can be divided into three parts: upstream material preparation, midstream chip production and downstream packaging and application. The upstream and middle reaches of the capital and technical barriers are much higher than the downstream, leading to the vast majority of industrial profits (about 70%). ) Focus on upstream and midstream. 1f3a; The two main components of material preparation are substrate material and epitaxial layer growth. At present, the substrate materials used in the world mainly include sapphire (Al2O3), silicon carbide (S iC ), silicon (Si), ZnO and GaN, but only the first two have been commercialized on a large scale, and respectively The company and the US Cree company monopolize. The epitaxial wafer growth saponin depends on the growth process and equipment, which has high barriers in both capital and technology; current mainstream methods include VPE and MOCVD, but related technologies and equipment are also almost obtained by AIXTRON and the United States. VEECO is monopolized. The chip production process mainly includes several steps of a chip processing process, a chip pinning process, a component process, and a test process, wherein the chip process and the chip pin process are the previous processes, and the assembly process and the test process are the subsequent processes. At present, domestic enterprises' chip production is mainly concentrated in the low-power middle and low-end fields. In the high-power high-end field, there are still problems in technology, mass production, and quality. Module packaging is a labor-intensive industry. The current development is very mature, and the required equipment (wire bonding machine, sorting machine) and supporting materials (epoxy resin, etc.) are not expensive. LED applications are mainly divided into LCD backlighting, data display and lighting. Compared with upstream and midstream, there is basically no technical difficulty. (2) China's LED industry application field is developing rapidly At present, China's LED industry is mainly concentrated in the production, packaging and application of low-end chips. In 2009, the total industrial scale was 82.7 billion yuan; the output value of LED chips reached 2.3 billion yuan, up 25% from 2008; the output value of LED packaging was 20.4 billion yuan; the output value of LED applications was 60 billion yuan, up more than 30% year-on-year. In 2009, LCD panel backlight demand is the main growth driver of the LED market; LEDs are used as backlights from notebook computer display panels, and LED backlights are also used in LCD TV panels. LED demand has risen sharply, and the market has begun to heat up. In the large-size TV backlight, whether it is Samsung, LG, Ruixuan, Sharp, Panasonic and other international manufacturers, or domestic domestic manufacturers such as Hisense, TCL, Skyworth, Tongfang, have launched LED-backlit TVs of various sizes. Increase the proportion of LED backlighting models. DisplaySearch predicts that LED backlight penetration for LCD TVs will grow from less than 3% in 2009 to 40% in 2013, will exceed CCFL backlights in 2014, and penetration will exceed 50%; for LCD TVs LED backlight panels are expected to drive the future development of the LED industry. Leading brands such as Samsung, LG, Sharp and Philips are expected to begin mass production of LED-backlit LCD TVs in 2010; therefore, LED backlight panels for LCD TVs will The 3.6 million pieces in 2009 increased to 15.1 million in 2010. In addition, the National Development and Reform Commission and other six ministries and commissions jointly issued the "Opinions on the Development of Semiconductor Lighting Energy-Saving Industry". By 2015, the average annual growth rate of the output value of the semiconductor lighting energy-saving industry will be around 30%; the market share of products will increase year by year, and the functionality will be improved. The lighting reaches about 20%, the LCD backlight reaches more than 50%, the market share of landscape decoration and other products reaches 70%; the independent innovation capability of enterprises is obviously enhanced, and the large-scale MOCVD equipment, key raw materials and more than 70% of the chips are localized, upstream 3-5 large-scale chip production enterprises; industrial concentration is significantly improved, with 10 independent leading enterprises with independent brands and greater market influence; preliminary establishment of semiconductor lighting standard system; achieving annual energy saving of 40 billion kWh, equivalent In the year, carbon dioxide emissions will be reduced by 40 million tons. According to the relevant agencies, the LED lighting market will grow significantly this year in the new city's new application and LED lighting testing standards. The global LED lighting market will grow at a CAGR of 28.5% from 2007 to 2012. In the year, the global LED lighting market will reach US$5.29 billion. According to Philips, LED lighting will account for 90% of the total lighting market in 2020, and traditional general lighting will only have a 10% market share.
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